Rabbit Calicivirus Virus

RHDV1 or calicivirus, is a virus that typically causes a rapidly fatal disease in European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus).

The classical RHDV1 strain was first released in Australia in 1996 to control wild rabbits.

Over time the effectiveness of the virus as a biocontrol agent has been decreasing. To boost the RHDV1 strain’s effectiveness, state and territory governments around Australia released RHDV1a, a new naturally occurring variant of RHDV1, in March 2017.

RHDV can be spread via direct contact with infected rabbits or their fomites (urine, faeces, saliva), via equipment and clothing, and also by vectors including flies.

To protect pet and production rabbits from possible RHDV infection, owners should implement good hygiene practices, ensure animals are protected through appropriate housing and insect proofing, ensure rabbits are vaccinated, and avoid contact with other rabbits – whether wild (feral) rabbits or pet rabbits from outside the household.

More information on how to protect your pet rabbit from calicivirus here

There are now two vaccines available for use in pet rabbits in Australia. Rabbits owners should contact their local veterinarian for advice on rabbit vaccination and biosecurity measures specific to their pet or facility.

More information on Calicivirus is available in Pestsmart's FAQS here